Historically, the royal drums of the Bayeke served several functions, some of which are no longer common today. Yeke drums were used to announce the arrival of the king, a period of mourning, or the outbreak of war. However, they are now more frequently used during commemorative events, ceremonies, or to signify joy.

Among the Bayeke—a feature that distinguishes them from other tribes in the Katanga region—one finds four drums that are struck using sticks rather than by hand.

There are two categories of drums: those used for all occasions (mourning, festivals, and celebrations) and those the Bayeke refer to as the “King’s drums.” The former are crafted from empty barrels, with cowhide stretched across both open ends of the barrel.

In contrast, the royal drums are fashioned from tree trunks and are conical in shape; much like those described previously, the royal drums feature tightly stretched cowhide covering both ends, secured in place by cowhide thongs. 

The royal drums may not be moved without the express permission and blessing of the *Mwami* (king) or a designated dignitary.

Depending on the rhythm of the accompanying chants—whether the cadence is measured or accelerated—either two or all four drums may be played simultaneously. This performance requires an impressive level of synchronization and absolute precision from every drummer—a tradition that has remained unchanged for centuries.

The nomenclature of the royal drums also varies depending on the specific clan. In certain clans within the Busumbwa region, they are named as follows, listed from smallest to largest: *Mbada*, *Nzaba*, *Nzerera*, and *Ntimbo*.

Generally speaking, among the Bayeke, they are known—in the same order—as: *Nakenge*, *Nakakenge*, *Nzerera*, and *Ntimbo*. Collectively, the entire ensemble is referred to as *Yamilango* or *Ngoma ya Misambwa*. 

Upon the death of the king, the population is enjoined not to mourn until the notables designated by custom confirm the sad news. At that moment, the great drum—which was constructed during the late king’s enthronement—is pierced, and the period of mourning may then begin.

The Yeke drums remain one of the distinctive features and one of the sources of pride of this centuries-old tradition.